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1、1. include是动词,可以在句中充当谓语。

2、如楼主第一个例句:The price【主语】 for the hotel 【(修饰主语的后置)定语】 includes【谓语】 breakfast【宾语】.2. 而including除了是include的现在分词/动名词之外,在日常运用中一般被当做介词使用,和其后的名词/代词一起形成介宾短语,意思是“包括...在内”。

3、如楼主的第二个例句:There are many different kinds of moon cakes including fruit,coffee and ice.再如:There are 40 students in the classroom, including me.3. 同样,included也有介词用法,且:including + 宾语 = 宾语 + included.所以上个例句亦可写成:There are 40 students in the classroom, me included.。

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